![]() The software would also know if a certain candidate had been selected by the voter and could mark only on those ballots while leaving others alone. For example, if a voter selected no candidate in one contest (an undervote), the all-in-one hybrid would know that there was an opportunity to add a vote in that contest. This enables a hacked machine’s software to “know” what was printed on the ballot early in the process and to make use of that information later. In addition, in a all-in-one hybrid the hardware which marks the paper and the hardware which scans the paper are both connected by the same software. The software can be modified, replaced, or circumvented by an attacker who is able to get malicious code onto the voting machine. The printer outputs whatever data the software sends to it. The print head is raised and lowered by software. The paper travels on a single paper path through the system. Nothing mechanical prevents these all-in-one hybrids from marking on the ballot.
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